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Problems of genetic counseling is much broader statistical identification of the genetic risk. Particular attention is given to issues of psychological terms, often arising in the course of counseling.

In the system of specialized health services an important place belongs brand name viagra to the medico-genetic counseling. This kind of medical care - the most successful way to prevent hereditary diseases, the prevention of birth of offspring with hereditary diseases or defects.

In the Moscow Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery, Medical and genetic counseling has been operating for over 25 years (since 1973). Its task was to determine the magnitude of risk of birth of the affected child in any family; inform relatives (usually parents) about the extent of this risk, and help families in making the most correct decisions about childbearing, taking into account the severity of disease or defect, the possible ways of early diagnosis and correction expected pathology, the study of socio-psychological climate of domestic and family.

Thus, the problems of medico-genetic counseling is much broader statistical identification of the genetic risk. In a broad complex of multiple objectives, a special place belongs on the psychological plan, often arising in the course of counseling.

Essential elements of genetic counseling, are known to the family pedigree analysis, the search for information about the health of its members, to study the nature of family relationships. During the consultation spouses are forced to expose their most intimate discussion questions, re-think and analyze all the necessary details such difficult moments of his life, as death or illness of children. Therefore, medical genetic counseling - it's not the usual method of a doctor in the clinic, a situation that is almost always accompanied by emotional stress for those who ask for advice. It is important to create an environment in which the consultation process proceeds.

At the heart of hereditary diseases of children advice is usually conducted in the absence of extraneous persons (trainees and even nurses). Conversations are confidential in nature and conducted with the two spouses, and each of them separately. Paramount importance in this case is given to an atmosphere of mutual understanding between patient and consultant. Networking takes place gradually, in particular during the collection and study of family lineage, with a doctor inadvertently delves into the nuances of relationships between individual family members, makes for a conclusion about the degree of social and cultural maturity of the persons who have applied for advice, and the latter, in turn, become accustomed to consultant. It should be noted that the analysis of pedigree so we regarded as a mandatory function of the consultant.

In the process of genetic counseling, there are a variety of situations that require a doctor to establish psychological contact with the family. Often, one spouse voluntarily or involuntarily Viagra cost per pill takes the blame for the birth of a sick child. For example, a young woman, mother of the boy suffering from Down's syndrome, felt guilty in front of her husband and his relatives. Indispensable duty of the consultant in this and other similar cases - an explanation of how his wife, and (not least) my husband make sense of genetic disorders in trisomy and 21 pair of chromosomes. Consultant after an appropriate examination is necessary to achieve elimination of non-existent feelings of guilt in a woman, make her think about the future, inspire her with the idea of a low risk of disease in the next pregnancy. With regard to the above case, it is now in the family is raising two healthy boys - to decide on a new pregnancy, women have helped properly organized advisory activities.

Much more difficult to deal with feelings of guilt to the child and family, if the pedigree of the proband had similar disease. Thus, in one family pedigree mother of a child with hemophilia A, identified cases of similar lesions, indicating that the mother - the bearer of the mutant gene. In such cases, it is particularly important to tell about the genetic mechanisms of disease, to explain that there is not anyone's fault and can not be that we are talking only about the laws of probability, and so doubtless help in these difficult from the standpoint of genetic prediction and psycho-emotional state situations have contemporary possibilities of prenatal diagnosis. It is on these aspects to focus in seeking advice spouses.

But sometimes it also happens that it is necessary to strengthen the sense of personal responsibility for the health of future children. It is a syndrome of multiple congenital malformations, when the genesis of this condition can be explained by alcoholism of the mother. It is necessary to describe the relationship of the parent body with the fetus, to explain the role of alcohol as a teratogen. In this case, the feeling of guilt of a woman in front of your child has a positive value.

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